All Entries in the "Trade Management" Category
Exploit Your Edge
June 7, 2011 at 12:55 pm
It’s a phrase many of us are familiar with as traders…”exploit your edge.” Sounds kinda like a cross between something illegal and something exciting, right?
At the heart of the phrase though, is simply the idea of finding something that works in your trading, and then using it repeatedly to profit over time.
Poker professionals do it, and they can calculate with precision what their odds of winning a hand will be based on the cards they’re holding. That ‘data’ helps them make critical decisions on whether to fold or bet. Acting appropriately on their ‘edge’ will serve to not only keep them at the table, but help them win.
Professional traders aren’t any different – only the scene is. Traders must also know their edge and use it in their decision-making process on a daily basis. Hold or fold? Lighten and tighten? Add to the position? It all depends, but it’s no guessing game for a veteran trader.
Amateurs, by contrast, fail to recognize this. They pay for it, too. Operating on hunches, rumors, and generally utilizing the buy-and-hope “strategy” might occasionally result in some winning trades, but confusion and frustration are the most common effects. Amateurs don’t understand what their edge is, and therefore don’t know how to exploit it to their benefit.
The Proof is in the Profits
I’m big on evaluating trading performance in order to see what can be learned. Sometimes it’s something new, other times it might simply be a reminder of an important lesson.
Periodically on the premium site, the Recent Stock Picks page gets updated to reflect all swing trades and the corresponding stats which go with them. It’s nice to learn from those updates when they occur, specifically for the real value I get from the data provided. Here are a few of those lessons/reminders…
You don’t have to ‘win big’ to win big.
Too often, traders think they need to hit home runs in order to come out on top. Matter of fact, some of them are right, but it’s only because they need to overcome some enormous losses.
The truth is that in trading, hitting singles and occasional doubles can put you in the proverbial ‘Hall of Fame’ as those gains add up consistently. It’s not necessarily easy, but it is pretty simple and far more feasible than trying to nail down the rare home run. Just exploit your edge and watch your profits stack up…you’ll be amazed at what it turns into.
Small losses are crucial.
As I’ve noted here before, amateurs allow their losses to become too large. But what’s really interesting here is that it isn’t because they’re wrong more often. They’re simply wrong bigger.
Amateurs don’t lose small. That’s a grave mistake in this game, and you can’t afford it if you want to last and profit consistently as a trader. Set up some trading rules if you need to, or put a safety net in place, but for goodness sake, just stop it! When you know you’re wrong, exit and look for a new entry. It’s money you’re trying to gain here, not pride.
Streaks happen.
There’s no getting around it – at times you’re going to be red hot and other times you’re ice cold. Personally, there have been stretches where I took hit after hit, simply being out of sync with the price action, but there have also been times when I consistently turned profits.
Every single trader encounters that – pros and amateurs alike – but what matters most is how it’s handled. The amateur fights harder, increases frequency and size, and hopes that just a couple trades will make it all back.
The pro takes a different approach. When I found myself in a funk, I reduced my size accordingly, became more selective, and remained patient. Soon enough, I found myself back in sync with the market’s rhythm, and I was back on track.
So, step up your game if need be, but figure out what your edge is. Only then will you maximize it to your advantage.
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Lighten and Tighten
June 6, 2011 at 11:38 am
An absolute commitment is required for some things in life, like let’s say, a social function. Either you’re going or you aren’t, right? However, other things might require a lower level of commitment. Your diet, for example, might currently be more of an “I’m trying not to eat too many sweets” approach right now. That’s what I’d call a partial commitment, where it’s not an all-or-nothing approach.
When it comes to trading though, far too many traders think they have to be “all in” or “all out” of their positions. Nonsense! Think outside the box a little.
On the surface, we know that commissions are so cheap these days that there is no problem with splitting up positions by making partial exits when a situation calls for it, so that shouldn’t hold you back from adopting this mindset.
There are some occasions when it’s very useful for me to either lighten my position size, tighten my stop, or both. Let’s look at some examples of each, and I hope you’ll add your own thoughts to these in the comments below.
Lighten!
* I should clarify that I’m talking here about lightening up on a position mid-trade. This is not to be confused with when to trade smaller.
Lightening up on a position is a way to Defend both my capital and my profits. Whenever I get a poor fill on a trade where my order is executed at a price which is considerably different than my trading plan accounted for, it’s time to lighten up. By definition, the risk/reward profile of the trade has changed (since the entry price has changed and my stop is now farther away), so naturally I need to make an adjustment. This is the scale I use to do that on my swing trades. Doing this keeps my risk in check with what it should be, allowing me to stick with the trade – even if it’s now a smaller amount.
Tighten!
I won’t enter a trade unless I know my get-out (stop loss), but that doesn’t mean my stop never changes. Sometimes the situation changes in such a way that an adjustment is warranted.
Market conditions may necessitate such an alteration to my plan. Suppose I’m long as a limo, and suddenly the complexion of the market shifts to something quite negative. Maybe news breaks or we see a key reversal set in – well, I’m in denial if I think the landscape hasn’t changed. In those cases, it makes sense to tighten my stops on long positions as a way to shore up my risk.
On a per-trade basis though, sometimes the way a stock moves just happens to change, and that can also warrant tightening my stop. Maybe a stock initially breaks out with momentum, but rather than showing follow through or putting in healthy rest, it simply begins to stagnate. Volume disappears, a sloppy trading range sets in, and I start to see a lack of conviction with weak closes in the stock for several straight days. That’s a time when I’ll definitely tighten up my stop, whether in time or price, as the stock simply isn’t behaving in such a way to deserve a long leash.
Both!
My favorite occasions are those which allow me to both lighten my position and tighten my stop. That usually occurs when my first profit target is hit. That’s a spot where the trade has moved enough to warrant booking some gains (lighten), but the stock may not be done running yet. Typically, I’ll have 2 targets, so sometimes there’s still room for additional gains.
At this point, my initial stop is also now a considerable distance away, so it makes sense to tighten it as well (often to breakeven for remaining shares). This way, I’m risking less on what’s left of my position, while still allowing for additional profits if the stock continues to run. Win/win.
** What are some keys you use mid-trade for knowing when to lighten up on your size or tighten your stop? I have a Bandit t-shirt for the best response, so bring the ideas!
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Premature Evacuation from Trades
May 23, 2011 at 10:10 am
All of us have the occasional urge to jump ship early from a trade, but when is it the right time and how should that be done?
Let’s take a look at a conversation I recently had with a trader I was helping…
Hey Jeff,
I’m long ***, as it just looked like a nice setup. I went long 4 days ago, but it is behaving horribly. Currently I don’t see any pattern and would not make this trade now, but it is only halfway to my stop loss. I am unsure what to do. How do you approach trades you aren’t convinced of anymore, but have not been stopped out of?
Also, one of the mantras I read often is “cut losses short, let winners ride.” I am wondering how to interpret this “cut losses?” I find myself thinking, “I am not convinced in this trade anymore, but maybe it will turn around, it’s just half a position left to lose.” When my analysis of the situation shifts, and I wouldn’t take this trade anymore as of today, do I abandon my original plan and exit immediately or should I stay with the trade?
C.
==
Here’s what I told him…
C,
Let me start off by addressing the “cut losses short” question. I don’t have all the answers, but I can tell you that for me, cutting losses means having an exit plan on the downside with defined risks. We will all be wrong at times, but staying wrong is different – don’t stay wrong! Limit your losses so that they can be overcome with reasonable winning trades. Don’t dig a hole so deep you need a miracle to get out – that’s cutting your losses short.
Now let’s discuss early exits on trades like this where your conviction level has changed…
Occasionally you’ll find trades like this which don’t completely fail (stop you out), yet don’t work either (move to your targets). Instead, they just begin to stagnate and enter into a trading range where your funds are tied up. It can be a bit frustrating, simply because you’re left in limbo, wondering if the trade is in the process of failing or working. Each new red or green bar feels like the start of something meaningful, but they’re followed by the opposing color and you soon realize that price is simply showing indecision.
A key consideration to make when this happens is whether the character of the stock has changed. Stated otherwise, do you have a good reason to now lack conviction, or is it merely a mood shift for you?
A slow-moving trade is far different than one which may have just experienced an important technical event…
- Just because a trade isn’t developing quite as quickly as you would have wanted doesn’t mean it’s destined for failure.
- The stock may be building a new pattern which you simply haven’t identified yet.
- When I find myself in a trade which is starting to bore me, I know I’m overanalyzing when I start looking for signals which aren’t there.
- If I’m positioned in accordance with the overall market (ie: long in a market uptrend), and if my trading capacity isn’t restricted because of this position (I don’t need to free up capital), then what I need to do is stay with the trade until a technical reason prompts an exit. I likely need to stay patient, as this is still a trade which can pay me.
On the other hand, there are times when a premature exit may be warranted…
- When the stock has just seen a change in character as measured by a technical event (high-volume reversal, for example), an adjustment may be called for.
- If your trading funds are limited and you’d rather shift into a better idea, then you might consider closing out the trade in favor of another with more promise.
- When you find yourself positioned in opposition to the prevailing market trend (ie: long in a market downtrend), then you have grounds to at least lighten up. That can be done either by reducing your position while maintaining your original stop & target parameters for the trade, or by tightening both your risk and objective.
What else could help C. in this situation?
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Are you following me on Twitter yet?
Choose Your Discomfort
May 19, 2011 at 9:52 am
Trading is not easy.
There…I said it. As if you didn’t already know.
It can be simple, but that’s different. When you’re trading well, it might feel easy, but when the tough stretches arrive again (and they will), you’ll be reminded that it’s hard. As they say, “if it were easy…”
Contrary to what most traders think, the hard part of trading isn’t being right or wrong. Each of us will find ourselves in winning trades and losing trades at times – even random entries can produce (at least temporary) profits. Discomfort is the hard part.
Discomfort in trading can be tied to either profits or losses.
For example…
Our minds seem hardwired to shun (perceived) failure, so some traders struggle in a big way to close out a losing position and instead spend waste time hoping for a turnaround which may or may not ever happen. It’s uncomfortable for them to admit defeat and accept a small loss, so they usually pay big to try and avoid that.
Our minds can also have recency bias, so after a string of losses, it’s tempting to book a winner – no matter how small – just to stop the bleeding and have a taste of success again. It can be uncomfortable to let open profits ride when you’re clearly on the correct side of a trade – what if you give them back?! You need this winner, right? That often leads to booking smaller gains as compared to what you were on track to get paid, and that adds up big over the course of your month, or your year, or your career.
Discomfort can also be tied to our preferred trading timeframe.
Some can’t stand the erratic price action found on the intraday charts, and they tend to respond with late or forced entries when day trading. They get spooked out of good trades, opting instead to focus on the most recent 5-minute bar rather than the overall direction that’s taking place.
Others can’t stand to give a stock an appropriate amount of wiggle room when swing trading, so they choke off what would be a good trade in favor of a stop that’s too tight. Instead of positioning themselves smaller in order to weather the short-term shake-outs, they essentially overtrade by reacting to insignificant moves within the context of a bigger trend. Profits aren’t allowed to pile up, and their skittish approach keeps them frustrated by the big moves they were once a part of but missed out on.
Here’s my point:
Risk involves discomfort, so if you’re constantly avoiding discomfort, you’re avoiding risk – and by definition, risk must be taken in order to profit in the markets. The key is to manage that risk appropriately, which also means managing your discomfort appropriately.
There’s no getting around discomfort in trading. Everyone has it, regardless of directional bias or timeframe preference or the market being traded.
Either you’re uncomfortable with the results you’re getting (e.g. overtrading, not sticking with good trades, staying too long in poor trades), or you’re going to face some discomfort while denying yourself as you stay with a good position. That’s going to include enduring pullbacks, watching some profits evaporate, and being patient while waiting for an acceleration move to occur.
In an instant-gratification society like ours, it’s no wonder most traders fail. Have the courage to choose your discomfort ahead of time, so that by expecting it and mentally rehearsing what you’ll likely face, you’ll in turn be able to respond with good decisions.
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Are you following me on Twitter yet?
Dealing with the Pop and Drop Trade
May 17, 2011 at 1:43 pm
This question came in from a fellow Bandit recently, and I wanted to share it (and my response back to him) with you here…
Question:
Jeff, what’s the lesson to be learned from this today. One trade I was watching (***) moved past 13.45 in a hurry this morning. By the time a trade could be executed it was already up in the 13.60s, got up as high as 13.74 and then dropped like a rock back down to where it started the day. All of it happened in about an hour. I’m thinking it would have been better to leave this one alone today. Thoughts? B
Answer:
That one did shoot quickly past the trend line, and anytime that’s the case I try to lighten up into the move. The sharper the moves tend to be, the more prone to reversal they are. So while it’s nice to see a big fast favorable move, at the same time it’s imperative to recognize that it may not last long and to use that strength to book some profits.
Another thing I’d add is that anytime you happen to get a bad fill on your order (in this case 13.60 as you mentioned when you wanted 13.45, it’s important to recognize that the risk/reward profile of the trade has just changed. You might have intended to exit around 13.30, or just about 1% from your entry, but a higher-than-intended entry necessitates raising your stop aggressively in order to offset the late buy. Otherwise, your stop is simply too far down and the risk/reward is no longer as favorable as your original plan for the trade.
The idea is to keep managing risk, keep managing risk, keep managing risk when day trading. Sometimes you get ‘slipped’ on an order like that and end up with a later-than-intended entry, so when you do, either keep a tight stop beneath it or trail it behind the trade aggressively so as to either exit with a minimal loss or book a little gain. If the trade doesn’t unfold as planned, look for the next-best alternative, which is getting out about flat or slightly better if possible.
Sometimes as you said, hindsight will show stocks which may have been better left alone, but on the fly we can still manage the situation well with some good habits.
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Are you following me on Twitter yet?
Options vs. Common Stock
November 17, 2010 at 11:13 am
Traders face many hard decisions every day…buy or sell, add or lighten, stand aside or get involved. Among them is the choice between trading options or common stock.
There are no doubt benefits and shortcomings of both choices, as everything literally is a trade-off.
Common is usually much more liquid, it can be traded in the after hours or premarket, and it’s by definition 100% exposure to the company. However, it is more capital-intensive since it’s not a leveraged position, which means less room for other positions in an account. Common alone is also going to carry with it greater dollar risk, as a major headline can bring tremendous gap potential.
Options are leveraged, they offer lots of versatility and possibilities (speculation, hedging, income, etc.), and they are less capital-intensive. However, liquidity is often inferior compared to common, they can’t be traded as many hours of the day as stock, and they offer only fractional exposure to the underlying stock.
The Case for Options
Options can be an excellent vehicle for trading, provided the situation is well-suited to them. The biggest 3 considerations for options are (1) the time expectation for the trade, (2) the liquidity of the options being traded, and (3) the risk involved in the trade. Let’s break those down.
Timeframe
First things first… The time you expect to be in the play is important because options will carry a bid/ask spread often times up to maybe .10-15 cents. For a stock that’s not a huge deal, but for an option which might only be trading at say $2 or lower, that’s a big percentage if you pay the spread both ways (market order getting in & out). So if you’re looking at being in a trade for at least a couple of days, that’s usually much better for an options trade than if you’re just looking to scalp it over the next half hour.
Liquidity
Second, there are quite a few stocks which have high trading volume, but for whatever reason their options are just not heavily traded. For any trade I take, whether a stock or an option, I want to feel confident there will be buyers when I go to sell, and sellers when I go to buy. Sufficient liquidity is a requirement for any trade, whether in options or common. So taking a look at the open interest, the volume, and the bid/ask spread is important in gauging the liquidity of the options. When in doubt, take a look at the highly liquid options like QQQQ, SPY, or mega-cap stocks like MSFT or INTC. That will help you get a feel for how tight the market is in the options you’re considering. You don’t ever want to be the ‘big player’ in any contract.
Risk
Third, limited risk is an advantage which options carry, such as buying put options vs. being short stock. Risk is defined with the puts, and theoretically unlimited with the short stock. Options are a great choice in particular when the stock has the potential to gap big, whether due to news coming out or simply based upon recent price history of the stock. Always consider the risk involved when weighing options vs. common, as that’s an important element of the decision-making process.
Finally, here are a few occasions to consider options rather than the common shares:
1. In front of big news (earnings, conference calls, or anything else scheduled).
2. When limited on capital (the leverage of options helps offset a limited amount of funds).
3. When the stock moves are too shaky to sit through (when a really wide stop is necessary).
4. Trade timeframe is between a couple days and a few weeks.
** If you’ve got something else to add, please share it in the comments.
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Are you following me on Twitter yet?
Trading Up from Mediocre to Great
November 8, 2010 at 12:28 pm
Can you imagine working hard for insignificant results? Or setting your standards so low that you need not put forth effort in order to attain your goals? Never, right?
A competitive drive pushes many traders from the inside, causing them to take on risks others wouldn’t accept. They shun the security of a regular job, opting instead to speculate in an arena filled with financial danger but unlimited upside potential. Long hours are often recorded in an attempt to gain an edge. Tedious tasks like sifting through hundreds of charts nightly, religiously reviewing results, or poring over statistics of trades past are done with the sole purpose of improvement by traders who are hungry for success.
In other words, they want it.
Those kinds of things are what it takes to get better in trading, and many are willing to pay the price. Yet far too often – unfortunately – some traders settle for less.
I’ve encountered many of them. They say things like “I’m not really trading right now because I’m waiting for XYZ to bounce back and let me out of a pretty big paper loss I’m facing.”
What’s interesting is that the ‘paper loss’ they’re referring to is quite real. Even more noteworthy is what they fail to see, which is that other trades could put them back on the right track and actually get them turning a profit again – if they’d free up their account to allow themselves to actually take those trades. Sadly, they’re just unwilling to turn loose of a mistake, so they cling to hope and wait for a miracle.
Are you one of them?
Trading Up
Often times on the road, I’m looking for an opening in the left lane to get around that slow lady ahead of me who is too busy talking on the phone to go (at least) the speed limit. In the mall, I’m amazed at how many people walk aimlessly, without a clue, as if there’s no purpose or destination to move towards. Yes, I am a bit impatient, but the point I’m making here is that it’s a habit I’m in of continually looking for ways to improve my situation.
That’s particularly true in my trading. I don’t mind putting on risk, and I realize plenty of trades will fail. What’s most important to me is to monitor how those trades move and how the stocks are behaving.
Let me be clear… It’s unrealistic to think I can foresee the moves before they happen, but it’s not difficult to recognize price action that’s outside the recent norm. And that is the key.
Studying the price action closely allows you to identify when outlier moves begin to occur, and subsequently when an exit needs to be made.
Always Think In Terms of Gain
We just sold our house. The real estate market is still soft, and for about two months we had a lot of showings but no sale. The price was too high, and we had to come off the price a bit in order to sell the house. But we’re upsizing, so what we had to concede on the last house we more than made up in the new house.
Once I thought of a price reduction in those terms, it became a no-brainer. It was less personal. Understanding that giving up $1 here might mean I save $1.50 on the next home (because it’s larger and higher-priced), logic dictated that I think in terms of what I’d gain on the other side, not solely what I’d be giving up.
Why doesn’t everyone trade this way? Why not dump an average name for a better one – one that shows more promise, more potential? Why not put in the work to get to the next level and leave mediocre results in your rearview mirror?
Make it a habit to think this way, especially if you’re gunning for improvement. OR…be complacent and stagnate, because that’s the only other option.
What has helped you learn to dump losing trades in favor of new names with better potential? Share your thoughts in the comments…
Trade Like a Bandit!
Jeff White
Producer of The Bandit Broadcast
Are you following me on Twitter yet?
